THE PRINCE-GEORGE CITIZEN Thursday, August 25 PRINCE GEORGE CITIZEN * veeltly newspaper devoted to the uptniu ol the City of Prlrite Oeorse and - Northern British Columbia. Published Every Thursday By CENTRAL INTERIOR PRINTING CO.. LTD. XL A. Renwick. Editor. Subscription Rates nearly, by mall in Canada -JJ2.00 Air deliveries to points outside the Dominion ~ ol Canada 03-00 per year. ^ Advertising Rates Transient Advertising, per Inch _______60c land Purchase Applications___________$10.00 Mineral Act Applications ____________$10.00 tnacsiried Advertising, per line -----------------12e Bwarting Notices, per line ------------------------12c fjpwlal Rate for 100 Inches. I*sal aOvertlslnc at B. C. rate, lCc and 12c per line. ________ ' TRADE AGREEMENTS NOW AWAIT SANCTIONS. empire economic conference was brought to a close in Ottawa on Saturday. The text^ of the agreements, •were not made public, but the agree^j meats are said to be mutually satisfactory to the contracting parties, and the way paved for a marked stimulus to trade within the empire. One reason for the withholding of the texts of the agreements -"is that there was not sufficient time to permit of them being issued, and it was held inadvisable to/make them public until they have been approved by the parliaments of the countries affected, and thus avoid dumping in the British, and Dominion markets. With respect to the agreement entered into between Canada and Great Britain it is asserted Canada will secure meet- of the preferences for primary products for which the dominion delegates labored. The preference on Canadian wheat is said to remain at two shillings a quarter, and the copper preference remains at four cents per pound, the amount of the United States tariff against -it. The preference on Canadian lumber is said to lave been reduced to one of 10%, the same ae that extended to Canad-an fish products. It is said the. assurances of the British del'egates, as to the steps to be taken U> regulate Russian •dumping, are quite satisfactory; but this is a matter with respect to wh'ch the greatest difficulty is anticipated in the British parliament. It 's conceded, liowever, the British preferences would be -worthless"without an effective curb upon Russian dumping, and the feeling is the people of Great Britain are prepared to travel farther along the road of protection to secure tangible trade benefits than they were before the conference opened. Just what Canada will pay for its preferences in the British market by reciprocal concessions in its cotton and ¦woolen textile tariffs is not known. This admittedly will be the point of cleavage in the Conservative following of Premier Bennett, when the extent of the concessions is. made known. It may be Premier Bennett will have to break with some of his high-tariff supporters, but on the face of things he stands to gain more than he loses, as the people of Canada realize an assured market for the dominion's primary products is of greater importance than the preserving of the home market for the product of its protected cotton and woolen industries. Any new stfignment growing out of this situation would admittedly be unpleasant, but there can be no question as to where Premier Bennett's path lies, in seeking the greater benefit for the greater number. It is admitted there can be no return of prosperity for Canada until a profitable market is found for the dominion's surplus of wheat, lum-t>er, copper and other primary products and if prosperity is brought to them it may compensate, in an increased buying local market for what protected Canadian textiles are required to concede to British manufacturers. Despite the setting up of tariffs on the part of Great Britain and the Dominions it is conceded the hope of the conference is for ultimate free trade within the empire. To attempt to bring this about directly would involve too much dislocation of trade and industry, and the tariff system has been accepted as something in the nature of a temporary expedient. All agreements reached at the conference are to run for a term of five years. At the end of this period they may be extended or abrogated. It would be a brave person who would venture to say what' is most likely to happen when this five-year period has run. Within the past year most of the world has seen fit to reverse or modify its fiscal systems. There may be just as many and as startling changes brought about within the next five years, and the incorporation of fair-trading with free-trading, which ^heretofore has presented the greatest difficulty for the tariff makers/ A TTORNEY-GENERAIi Pooley has underconsideration entering into an arrangement with the federal gov-ernnient for the policing of British ^Columbia by members of the R.C.M.P. For some years past there has been a movement toward the consolidation of police organizations. Several of the municipalities have entered into an arrangement for police service with the provincial organization, and in the consolidation there have been economies for the municipalities as well as for the provincial organization through the elimination of overlappng. If all the police work in the province, outside the cities of Vancouver and Victoria, were taken over by the federal organization there would be a very considerable saving both to the municipalities and to the province. The possibility of economy in administration furnr'sh-es the greatest urge for the change. CAIRN UNVEILING DREW CROWD TO QUESNEL FRIDAY (Continued from Pace One) trie impulses through a submarine cable, to connect North America with Europe. The first submarine cable was laid across the English channel in 1851. and other short cables soon followed it. Their success revived the project of the Atlantic cable, and a start was made with the laying of a cable across the Northumberland Strait, a distance of nine miles, which was designed as the American end of the projected Atlantic cable. It was the first submarine cable laid on the North American continent, laid in Canadian waters by a Canadian-nF. N. Gisborne. This the speaker suggested was an incident Canadians might well remember. First Atlantic Cable The Atlantic cable company succeeded in getting a cable across the Atlantic in 1858, as the culmination of two years efforts. The ends wer^ tied in during the latter part of August, and some 730 messages were sent over the wire before the. cable went dead in October. It had been burned out in experiments made with it. The telegraph had come to British Columbia in the 60's, at a time when there were two governments in the province, one on Vancouver Island and one on the mainland. There were then few people in the province, very small settlements on Vancouver Island, an even smaller settlement in the Fraser Valley,' but a considerable settlement in the Cariboo. The confederation of the Canadian provinces was yet a dream, and the construction of the Canadian Pacific railway had not been thought of. The two governments were envious of each other and distrustful, but they were alike in that neither could balance its budget. Connection with the outside world was restricted to the occasional steamer to San Francisco. So far as eastern Canada or Great Britain were concerned they might almost have been located in Mars, the means of communication being so dificult. This was the situation in 1863 when a company was organized in England to build a telegraph line to connect British Columbia with the rest of Canada; but the promoters wanted a subs'dy of £12,500 for twenty years. The English company had the backing of the home government of the day. In 1864 the proposal of the Atlantic & Pacific Telegraph company was submitted to the legislature bv Governor Douglas but THIS MONEY SAVING MEAL helps others eat,too... The wheat used for Shredded Wheat is Canada's leading product. And this all-family food costs so little. Eat Shredded Wheat daily and do a ] . good turn for Canada. SHREDDED WHEAT 2 2 BIG BISCUITS IN EVERY BOX MADE IN CANADA • BY CANADIAN'S « OF CANADIAN WHEAT was rejected. There was -little cause for wondeiL_over this as the governr ment was unable to balance its budget, to say nothing of finding a large subsidy for a telegraph service. Western Union Telegraph . The telegraph was attracting a lot of attention. The Atlantic cable corn^ pany had by no means abandoned its plan for getting a line across the Atlantic, but expert opinion was rather evenly divided as to whether the plan was feasible. The Western Union was the big telegraph company in the United States"at this time. It had pushed its line across the continent to San Francisco, and ty 1864 extended the wire north to Portland. There were men associated with the Western Un-!on who scouted the Atlantic cable project, and they gave considerable study to the possibility of a land line which would carry the Western Union through British Columbia, Russian America and across Bering Strait into Asia. The head of this syndicate was a very resourceful man in the person of.Perry McDonough Collins. He put his proposal before the legislature of British Columbia in 1864, at the same time that the Atlantic & PaciMc company was seeking its big subsidy for a line across Canada. All the Collins' syndicate sought was permissic.n to I build through the province, and nat- ' irally the legislature rejected the Atlantic & Pacific company's proposal and gave its approval to the Collins enterprise. The horns government refused to endorse the legislation of 1864, but the Collins syndicate renewed its application in 1865. and this time the home government did not raise any objection as the Atlantic & Pacific rival had probably given up its intention of building. The Collins Overland This' was how the telegraph came to British Columbia. While the Collins Overland was awaiting the approval of the B.. C, ..government the Western Union was build:ng its line north from Portland to New Westminster. Then the enterprise in British Columbia was enerally known as the Collins Overland, in effect" it was really the enterprise of the Western Union Telegraph. The work was pushed witfc great vigor. Ships sailed from New York with equipment about the time the B. C. government approved of the project, and in September 1865 the telegraph wire had been brought into the town of Quesnei. Work on the telegraph was continued with vigor during the early part of 1866, the wire having reached the vicinity of Hazelton on July 27th when the message was flashed into Quesnei of the successful operation of the Atlantic cable, and the shipwreck of the Collins Overland Telegraph. Confederation in Sight The telegraph line from New Westminster to Quesnei was offered to the provincial government shortly after the Overland project was abandoned, but the service was a long way short of paying its way and the government refused to take it over. The Western Union continued to operate until the end of 1869, when it definitely suspended operations in British Columbia, and "the government consented to take the service over. The talk of confederation had got under way in eastern Canada by this time and had reached the coast, and there was an implication that in the event of confederation certain services such as railways and telegraphs would be operated by the federal government. The provincial government took the telegraph line over in 1870 and operated it at a loss until British Columbia entered into confederation the following year. For the first six months under goyernment operaton the telegraph line cost $5300 to operate, and the revenue for the period was but $2400. In closing Judge Howay said he took full responsibility for the decision to commemorate the Collins Overland and for the selection of Quesnei as the site for the cairn. He explained the purpose of the historical sites and monuments board. It is a body con-situted by the federal government, the members of which are expected to advise the government as to events which to their minds are worthy of 1 commemoration, ev^nts^ which may have had a marked influence upon the history of the country. The board ha been functioning for several years, and ha* erected approximately 140 memorials of various kinds. It is one of the objects of the'°boaf d to develop a deeper interest in the history of Canada, and the building up of a Canadian national spirit. To his mind there could be no better foundation Jot such a spirit than an intelligent understand-in e of trie history of the country. This wa? the explanation of the placing of the feveral cairns throughout the dominion. Unveiliner of the Cairn Creorpe H. Stead district superintendent for the Canadian National Tele-praph- of Vancouver, spoke briefly, thanking the QuesneT board of trade for trie privilege extended to him to participate in the unveilfni? ceremony, d'h*> was followed bv P. c. Coles, nwrint,endent of -tb» Western Union THecrenh, of Seattle, who" unveiled the cairn and read the inscription CDDDDQCCnUD B&| Full Responsibility From the moment the funeral is intrusted to our. care 'ue assume full responsibility for all the troublesome details which have to be attended to at such a time. No unnecessary burden is left on the shoulders of the relatives, and every effort is made to give them the freedo m from distraction which je ^ much appreciated. Patrons may intrust all such matters to our care with full confidence in our experience and reliabilitv. Saywright's Funeral Home 4 Phone Office 41—Residence 122Y2 thereon. John A. Fraser, M.P. was then called upon by Mr. LeBourda-'s. Mr. LeBour-dais reminded the audience that within a few days Mr. Fraser would be celebrating the 41st anniversary of his coming to Cariboo. He had come in as a school teacher, intending to remain for one term, but he had been caught by the glamour of the Cariboo, and had continued to be a resident ever since. Overland and Conference Mr. Fraser complimented Mr. Le-Bourdais and the members of the Quesnei board of trade upon the excellence of their arrangements for the unveiling, and said he was especially pleased to see persons present from widely distant parte. The thought which impressed itself upon his mind while listening to the interesting address of Judge Howay had been that during the time the Collins Overland was taking form in British Columbia, the thing uppermost in the minds of the leading Canadians of the day had been the formulation of a plan to bring into confederation the scattered provinces of Canada. To him it was significant that while the people of cariboo were gathered to unveil a memorial to the Collins Overland there was a meeting of another important conference in Ottawa, which held for its object the gathering into one commercial unity the scattered portions of the British empire. In common with the great majority of Canadians he had high hopes that the agreements reached at this imperial conference will be as far-reaching as have been the results attending the telegraph, the wireless, the radio and other agencies in promoting the "inter-communication of the people of the entire world. It was his hope the Ottawa conference would add to the prosperity of all the peoples of the world. The conference represented one-quarter of the land eur-face of the world, one-quarter of its people, people of different races, colors and creeds, and the object of the conference is the welding together of all these different rarts of the empire. What the promoters of the Overland Telegraph were attempting to do in a relatively small way in 1865-66, the imperial conference is attempting to do in a much larger way in Ottawa. William Adams, a former representative for Cariboo in the legislature, spoke briefly of the early days in the district, and was followed by W. J. Moffatt, a member of the Kamloops city council. Prince George Extends Greetings Mayor Patterson, of Prince George, extended greetings from his city to the residents of Quesnei. He eaJd he had been in a fair way of learning a great deal respecting the early history of the Collins Overland from Mrs. R. A. Renwick, whose father was the operator at Quesnei who received the message of the successful laying of the Atlantic cable, which had resulted in the closing down of construction of the telegraph line in 1866. He had listened to the remarks of Judge Howay of the hardships attending construction of the telegraph line, but he was convinced that had the Judge been with him, in negotiating the last 40 miles of the .highway between Prince .George and Quesnei, he would agree the telegraph builders had not used iip all the [hardships which might be found in Cariboo- Much as the judge liked history, he felt sure he would agree he could not absorb much of it in bumping along in an auto between Hixon Creek and Quesnei. . Despite the condition of the highway the people of Prince George were always pleased to be able to pay a visit to Quesnei. The town is accepted a« the pioneer center of the interior or British Columbia, and its residents arc actuated by the proper pioneer spirit. They hold that one must help' the other, and their spirit and hospitality is unsurpassed. To his mind'.the birlding of the cairn /which was being unveiled was a very commendable thing. It was a splendid thing that Quesnei should be given some tangible recognition of the part its people had played in the bringing of the telegraph to British Columbia, even if the org-inal plan had failed of extending the wire into Russia, and on into Europe Mr. Patterson said he desired to join with the people of Quesnel in p^ ing their appreciation of the effort-of Judge Howay in suitably comment orating the acliievement of the Col" I lins Overland. Through the cairn : which had been unveiled, the comimj ! generations, will learn of one of the ; outstanding events in the development jof their section of the province Through the agency of the historical ] sites and monuments board similar cairns have been erected in different parts of the province. Prince Geor?e had a cairn to commemorate the ar-rival of Mackenzie, on the first trip of a white man across the North American continent. The people of Prince George desired to felicitate the people of Quesnei upon the unveiling of their cairn. They held a warm regard for the people of Quesnei, the quaint little town nestling on the bank of the Fraser, famous in the days of old, the (Continued on Page 7) THE BANKRUPTCY ACT In the matter of the Estate of John Assman, Authorized Assignor, ol Prince George, B. C. NOTICE is hereby given that John Assman, of Prince Geerge, B. C. merchant, did on the 10ih day of August 1932, make an authorized assignment of all his property for the benefit of his creditors and that 1 have been appointed custodian ol the estate of the Debtor until the first meeting ol creditors. NOTICE is further given that, the first meeting of creditors' will be he'd at the Court House, Prince George. B. C. on the 25th day of August, 1932. at 2.30 o'clock in the afternoon. To entitle any creditor to vote thereat proof of his claim and any proxy to be used at said meeting must be lodeed with me at Prince George, B. C. prior thereto. The creditors will elect a permanent trustee at said meeting. To entitle a creditor to rank for dividend his claim must be filed with me or the Trustee when appointed, failing which Hie estate will be distributed without regard thereto. DATED at Prince George. B. C."this 12th day of August, 1932. C. H. WISENDEN. . ltc Custodian. RE JOHN ASSMAN BOOK ACCOUNTS TAKE NOTICE that F. G Dawson Limited has been appointed Receiver for the collection of accounts due or accruing due John Assman, Merchant Prince George, B. C. by virtue of an Order of Mr. Justice D. A. McDonald made the 28th day of July. 1932. •AND TAKE NOTICE that all bo»k accounts due or accruing due the said John Assman are payable forthwith to me at Room 2, Assman Building. Prince George, B. C. or Box number 17, Prince George, B. C. a* Solcitor and duly authorized agent of F. G. Dawson Limited. J. T. HAJtVTIY Solicitor for F. G. Aug.4-2tc GROCERIES Cooling .;• GRAPE FRUIT t.j^ Good Size Juicyr Oranges 25^ per dozen THE CORNER GROCERY Op. Strand Theatre Phone 168L1