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Playing devil’s advocate, advertisements are notorious for

* using the phrase “up to..” in the ads. For example, a com-
pany could state that a client could “save up to 15 percent”
‘«m a particular service, product or plan. This statement by
‘chnicality is correct, you can save up to 15 percent in most
ases, but this is true for any number below that as well.
‘he phrase “up to” is misleading to some people, as some
raay cut that phrase out as a whole and focus on “save...
5 percent”. “Up to” in this case is similar to what could
»e called a verbal fine print. Even though this is true, is it
tthical if it misleads people into thinking naively? The con-
jict of ethics between truth and lies is very situational.

Smart word usage is prominent in white lies, as stated above.
Advertisements or signs claiming things such as “Best Pizza in
Town!” are fascinating in this aspect, as they cannot be proven
wrong. The reason why these advertisements cannot be dis-
proved is due to the matter of opinion. The usage of opinion
is widespread in the world of advertising; it is seen in movie
trailers, for example. This form of “white lie” is so common
because it cannot possibly be disproved as it is a personal opin-
ion. Whether the view is genuine or not is up to debate on a
situational basis, but any statement could be used to justify the
ads. Generally, that local pizza place may not actually be the
best in town, but it is to somebody, and that is all they need.

* A sub-type of the white lie tends to lie unnoticed to most, but
it in itself is very controversial in no small portion of people.
Visual lies are used all the time in the digital era, with the rise of
programs such as photoshop. Covers of magazines are plagued
with what is technically lies. Many magazines that you look at
have covers that are falsified with the usage of photoshop.
Whether it be the manipulated body shapes of models or fac-
es cleaned up of blemishes, there almost always is something

ARTICLES

that has been “touched-up.” In an age of social justice, maty
cry out to the designers and manipulators to stop falsifying
and creating unnatural and nearly unattainable body images.

When looking closer at the topic of visual fallacies, it is es-
sential to note what harm it could be possibly caused to the
general public. Harmful side-effects of altered images may,
for example, cause self-esteem issues with how the average
person's body size. The reason why this skill of manipulating
photographs is so popular, however, is because they outrig) it
look good. Whether it be properly showing off certain ses
of clothing or products, it has in the past been very usefu!.
Even though photoshopped models in the grand scale of
things is a minor concept, the fact that this fallacy exists 5
enough to cause uncomfortable feelings in the general publi .

When summed up, the buttons that do not have any fun: -
tion may not be as bad after all. Of course, outright sta’ -
ing false information is unethical generally, but overall whiie
lies do have benefits. In the age of consumerism, the balance
shifts every day between whether white lies are worth it c:
not. However, I think most can agree that being in a univers
where there is not a “closed-door” button in the elevator «t
the end of a long day may make your life just a tad mote
stressful than it needs to be.

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